【收藏】Linux服务器巡检的重要性，附脚本！

前言：

Linux服务器是系统重要的业务运行平台，对服务器进行巡检能够及时发现服务器的隐患，以便于改善和优化服务器的性能；观察服务器的运行状况，及时对设备进行调整，保证服务器的24小时不间断的工作；以及采集网内服务器信息。在此，为了便于运维人员顺利的完成服务器巡检工作，小编写了此文档，希望对Linux服务器的巡检工作起到指导、帮助的作用。

一、巡检项目

1、服务器硬件检查

2.操作系统检查

3.性能检查

4.安全检查

二、收集的脚本

巡检项信息如下（也可自行添加收集信息的模块）：

1)、系统基本信息

2)、cpu信息

3)、ip网络信息

4)、cpu使用率

5)、连接数信息

6)、系统限制信息

7)、内存使用信息

8)、磁盘使用信息

9)、网络流量情况/系统资源变化

10)、cpu消耗情况前10排行

11)、cpu消耗按内存情况前10排行

12)、磁盘io情况

13)、系统定时任务列表

14)、系统定时任务脚本内容

脚本使用前注意事项

1. 使用说明

脚本中 ifconfig、mpstat、iostat命令有依赖，需要安装相关依赖包 yum -y install bc sysstat net-tools 

1. 执行chmod 777 oswatch.sh；然后直接sh oswatch.sh执行；
2. 
3. 执行完巡检之后，将在脚本所在的路径下生成html巡检结果报告，如下：

脚本内容如下：

#!/bin/bash ipaddress=`ip a|grep "global"|awk '{print $2}' |awk -F/ '{print $1}'` file_output=${ipaddress}'_os_linux_summary.html' td_str='' th_str='' yum -y install bc sysstat net-tools; sleep 10; create_html_css(){   echo -e " " } create_html_head(){ echo -e " $1 " } create_table_head1(){   echo -e "68%" border="1" bordercolor="#000000" cellspacing="0px" style="border-collapse:collapse">"} create_table_head2(){   echo -e " "100%" border=" 1 " bordercolor=" #000000" cellspacing="0px" style="border-collapse:collapse">" } create_td(){     td_str=`echo $1 | awk 'BEGIN{FS="|"}''{i=1; while(i<=NF) {print " ";i++}}'`} create_th(){     th_str=`echo $1|awk 'BEGIN{FS="|"}''{i=1; while(i<=NF) {print " ";i++}}'`} create_tr1(){   create_td "$1"   echo -e "     $td_str    " >> $file_output} create_tr2(){   create_th "$1"   echo -e "     $th_str    " >> $file_output} create_tr3(){   echo -e " " >> $file_output} create_table_end(){   echo -e " "$i""$i"     `cat $1`    " } create_html_end(){   echo -e "" } NAME_VAL_LEN=12 name_val () {    printf "%+*s | %s" "${NAME_VAL_LEN}" "$1" "$2" } get_physics(){     name_val "巡检时间" "`date`"     name_val "主机名" "`uname -n`"     name_val "系统版本" "`cat /etc/{oracle,redhat,SuSE,centos}-release 2>/dev/null|sort -ru|head -n1`"     name_val "内核版本" "`uname -r`"     name_val "架构" "CPU=`lscpu|grep Architecture|awk -F: '{print $2}'|sed 's/^[[:space:]]*//g'`;OS=`getconf LONG_BIT`-bit" } get_cpuinfo () {    file="/proc/cpuinfo"    virtual=`grep -c ^processor "${file}"`    physical=`grep 'physical id' "${file}" | sort -u | wc -l`    cores=`grep 'cpu cores' "${file}" | head -n 1 | cut -d: -f2`    model=`grep "model name" "${file}"|sort -u|awk -F: '{print $2}'`    speed=`grep -i "cpu MHz" "${file}"|sort -u|awk -F: '{print $2}'`    cache=`grep -i "cache size" "${file}"|sort -u|awk -F: '{print $2}'`    SysCPUIdle=`vmstat | sed -n '$ p' | awk '{print $15}'`    [ "${physical}" = "0" ] && physical="${virtual}"    [ -z "${cores}" ] && cores=0    cores=$((${cores} * ${physical}));    htt=""    if [ ${cores} -gt 0 -a $cores -lt $virtual ]; then htt=yes; else htt=no; fi    name_val "线程" "physical = ${physical}, cores = ${cores}, virtual = ${virtual}, hyperthreading = ${htt}"    name_val "cpu型号" "${physical} x ${model}"    name_val "速度" "${virtual} x ${speed} MHz"    name_val "缓存" "${virtual} x ${cache}"    name_val "CPU空闲率(%)" "${SysCPUIdle}%" } get_netinfo(){    echo "interface | status | ipadds     |      mtu    |  Speed     |     Duplex" >>/tmp/tmpnet_h1_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    for ipstr in `ifconfig -a|grep ": flags"|awk  '{print $1}'|sed 's/.$//'`    do       ipadds=`ifconfig ${ipstr}|grep -w inet|awk '{print $2}'`       mtu=`ifconfig ${ipstr}|grep mtu|awk '{print $NF}'`       speed=`ethtool ${ipstr}|grep Speed|awk -F: '{print $2}'`       duplex=`ethtool ${ipstr}|grep Duplex|awk -F: '{print $2}'`       echo "${ipstr}"  "up" "${ipadds}" "${mtu}" "${speed}" "${duplex}"\       |awk '{print $1,"|", $2,"|", $3,"|", $4,"|", $5,"|", $6}'  >>/tmp/tmpnet1_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    done } get_cpuuse(){    echo "#######################################  cpu使用率  #######################################" >>/tmp/tmp_cpuuse_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    mpstat -P ALL 10 8 >>/tmp/tmp_cpuuse_`date +%y%m%d`.txt } get_connections (){   filemax=`cat /proc/sys/fs/file-max`   name_val "Number of concurrent connections" "${filemax}" } get_ulimitinfo(){    echo "#######################################  系统限制最大进程数  #######################################" >>/tmp/tmp_ulimitinfo_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    ulimit -a >>/tmp/tmp_ulimitinfo_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    echo "#######################################  env  #######################################" >>/tmp/tmp_ulimitinfo_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    env >>/tmp/tmp_ulimitinfo_`date +%y%m%d`.txt } get_meminfo(){    echo "Locator   |Size     |Speed       |Form Factor  | Type      |    Type Detail" >>/tmp/tmpmem3_h1_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    dmidecode| grep -v "Memory Device Mapped Address"|grep -A12 -w "Memory Device" \    |egrep "Locator:|Size:|Speed:|Form Factor:|Type:|Type Detail:" \    |awk -F: '/Size|Type|Form.Factor|Type.Detail|^[\t ]+Locator/{printf("|%s", $2)}/^[\t ]+Speed/{print "|" $2}' \    |grep -v "No Module Installed" \    |awk -F"|" '{print $4,"|", $2,"|", $7,"|", $3,"|", $5,"|", $6}' >>/tmp/tmpmem3_t1_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    free -glht >>/tmp/tmpmem2_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    memtotal=`vmstat -s | head -1 | awk '{print $1}'`    avm=`vmstat -s| sed -n '3p' | awk '{print $1}'`    name_val "Mem_used_rate(%)" "`echo "100*${avm}/${memtotal}" | bc`%" >>/tmp/tmpmem1_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    } get_diskinfo(){    echo "Filesystem        |Type   |Size |  Used  | Avail | Use%  | Mounted on | Opts" >>/tmp/tmpdisk_h1_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    df -ThP|grep -v tmpfs|sed '1d'|sort >/tmp/tmpdf1_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    mount -l|awk '{print $1,$6}'|grep ^/|sort >/tmp/tmpdf2_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    join /tmp/tmpdf1_`date +%y%m%d`.txt /tmp/tmpdf2_`date +%y%m%d`.txt\    |awk '{print $1,"|", $2,"|", $3,"|", $4,"|", $5,"|", $6,"|", $7,"|", $8}' >>/tmp/tmpdisk_t1_`date +%y%m%d`.txt     lsblk >>/tmp/tmpdisk1_`date +%y%m%d`.txt     for disk in `ls -l /sys/block|awk '{print $9}'|sed '/^$/d'|grep -v fd`    do       echo "${disk}" `cat /sys/block/${disk}/queue/scheduler`  >>/tmp/tmpdisk2_`date +%y%m%d`.txt     done   echo "==========df -h============" >>/tmp/tmpdisk2_`date +%y%m%d`.txt     df -h >>/tmp/tmpdisk2_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    echo "==========mount============" >>/tmp/tmpdisk2_`date +%y%m%d`.txt     mount >>/tmp/tmpdisk2_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    echo "==========fdisk -l============" >>/tmp/tmpdisk2_`date +%y%m%d`.txt     fdisk -l >>/tmp/tmpdisk2_`date +%y%m%d`.txt     pvs >>/tmp/tmpdisk3_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    echo "======================  =====  =====  =====  =====  =====  ==========  =======" >>/tmp/tmpdisk3_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    vgs >>/tmp/tmpdisk3_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    echo "======================  =====  =====  =====  =====  =====  ==========  =======" >>/tmp/tmpdisk3_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    lvs >>/tmp/tmpdisk3_`date +%y%m%d`.txt }    ##xiao changge  get_topproc(){    #os load    echo "#######################################  网络流量情况  #######################################" >>/tmp/tmpload_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    sar -n DEV 10 6 >>/tmp/tmpload_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    echo "#######################################  ip add  #######################################" >>/tmp/tmpload_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    ip add >>/tmp/tmpload_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    echo "#######################################  ss -t -a  #######################################" >>/tmp/tmpload_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    ss -t -a  >>/tmp/tmpload_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    echo "#######################################  netstat -lntp  #######################################" >>/tmp/tmpload_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    netstat -lntp  >>/tmp/tmpload_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    echo "#######################################  netstat -anp  #######################################" >>/tmp/tmpload_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    netstat -anp  >>/tmp/tmpload_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    echo "#######################################  netstat -rn  #######################################" >>/tmp/tmpload_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    netstat -rn  >>/tmp/tmpload_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    echo "#######################################  系统资源变化  #######################################" >>/tmp/tmptop_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    vmstat -S M 10 6  >>/tmp/tmptop_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    mpstat 1 5 >>/tmp/tmptop_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    echo "#######################################  消耗CPU前十排行  #######################################" >>/tmp/tmptop_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    ps aux|head -1 >>/tmp/tmptop_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    ps aux|grep -v PID|sort -rn -k +3|head  >>/tmp/tmptop_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    sleep 2;    echo "#######################################  消耗内存前十排行  #######################################" >>/tmp/tmptop_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    ps aux|head -1  >>/tmp/tmptop_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    ps aux|grep -v PID|sort -rn -k +4|head  >>/tmp/tmptop_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    sleep 2;    echo "#######################################  TOP资源监控  #######################################" >>/tmp/tmptop_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    top -bn1 -o "%CPU"|sed  -n '1,80p' >>/tmp/tmptop_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    sleep 2;   echo "#######################################  显示进程信息ps -ef  #######################################" >>/tmp/tmptop_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    ps -ef >>/tmp/tmptop_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    sleep 2;           #top i/o    echo "#######################################  磁盘io情况  #######################################" >>/tmp/tmptopio_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    iostat -k -d 10 5  >>/tmp/tmptopio_`date +%y%m%d`.txt } get_crontablist(){    crontab -l >>/tmp/tmp_crontab_`date +%y%m%d`.txt   if [ -s /tmp/tmp_crontab_`date +%y%m%d`.txt ] ; then      echo 'ths file is not empyt and file info'   else     echo '#### 无定时任务 ####' >>/tmp/tmp_crontab_`date +%y%m%d`.txt   fi } get_crontab_content(){    crontab_content_log=/tmp/tmp_crontab_content_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    crontab -l|awk -F ' ' '{ print $NF}' >>$crontab_content_log    contrab_num=`crontab -l|awk -F ' ' '{ print $NF}'|wc -l`    if [ $contrab_num -ne 0 ];then    count=1    while [ $count -le $contrab_num ]      do        echo "#######################################  获取系统定时任务脚本 $count 内容开始  #######################################" >>/tmp/tmp_crontab_shellcontent_`date +%y%m%d`.txt        cat `sed -n -e "${count}p" $crontab_content_log` >>/tmp/tmp_crontab_shellcontent_`date +%y%m%d`.txt        echo -e "#######################################  获取系统定时任务脚本 $count 内容结束  #######################################" >>/tmp/tmp_crontab_shellcontent_`date +%y%m%d`.txt      count=$[${count}+1]      done    else      echo '#### 无定时执行脚本 ####' >>/tmp/tmp_crontab_shellcontent_`date +%y%m%d`.txt    fi } create_html(){   rm -rf $file_output   touch $file_output   create_html_css >> $file_output      create_html_head "系统基本信息" >> $file_output   create_table_head1 >> $file_output   get_physics >>/tmp/tmpos_summ_`date +%y%m%d`.txt   while read line   do     create_tr1 "$line"    done < /tmp/tmpos_summ_`date +%y%m%d`.txt   create_table_end >> $file_output      create_html_head "cpu信息" >> $file_output   create_table_head1 >> $file_output   get_cpuinfo >>/tmp/tmp_cpuinfo_`date +%y%m%d`.txt   while read line   do     create_tr1 "$line"    done < /tmp/tmp_cpuinfo_`date +%y%m%d`.txt     create_table_end >> $file_output   create_html_head "ip网络信息" >> $file_output   create_table_head1 >> $file_output   get_netinfo   while read line   do     create_tr2 "$line"    done < /tmp/tmpnet_h1_`date +%y%m%d`.txt   while read line   do     create_tr1 "$line"    done < /tmp/tmpnet1_`date +%y%m%d`.txt   create_table_end >> $file_output   create_html_head "cpu使用率" >> $file_output   create_table_head1 >> $file_output   get_cpuuse   create_tr3 "/tmp/tmp_cpuuse_`date +%y%m%d`.txt"   create_table_end >> $file_output   create_html_head "连接数信息" >> $file_output   create_table_head1 >> $file_output   get_connections >>/tmp/tmp_connections_`date +%y%m%d`.txt   while read line   do     create_tr1 "$line"    done < /tmp/tmp_connections_`date +%y%m%d`.txt     create_table_end >> $file_output   create_html_head "系统限制信息" >> $file_output   create_table_head1 >> $file_output   get_ulimitinfo   create_tr3 "/tmp/tmp_ulimitinfo_`date +%y%m%d`.txt"   create_table_end >> $file_output     create_html_head "内存使用信息" >> $file_output   create_table_head1 >> $file_output   get_meminfo   while read line   do     create_tr1 "$line"    done < /tmp/tmpmem1_`date +%y%m%d`.txt   create_table_end >> $file_output      create_table_head1 >> $file_output   create_tr3 "/tmp/tmpmem2_`date +%y%m%d`.txt"   create_table_end >> $file_output      create_table_head1 >> $file_output   while read line   do     create_tr2 "$line"    done < /tmp/tmpmem3_h1_`date +%y%m%d`.txt      while read line   do     create_tr1 "$line"    done < /tmp/tmpmem3_t1_`date +%y%m%d`.txt   create_table_end >> $file_output      create_html_head "磁盘使用信息" >> $file_output   create_table_head1 >> $file_output   get_diskinfo   while read line   do     create_tr2 "$line"    done < /tmp/tmpdisk_h1_`date +%y%m%d`.txt   while read line   do     create_tr1 "$line"    done < /tmp/tmpdisk_t1_`date +%y%m%d`.txt   create_table_end >> $file_output      create_table_head1 >> $file_output   create_tr3 "/tmp/tmpdisk1_`date +%y%m%d`.txt"   create_table_end >> $file_output      create_table_head1 >> $file_output   create_tr3 "/tmp/tmpdisk2_`date +%y%m%d`.txt"   create_table_end >> $file_output      create_table_head1 >> $file_output   create_tr3 "/tmp/tmpdisk3_`date +%y%m%d`.txt"   create_table_end >> $file_output   create_html_head "网络流量情况" >> $file_output   create_table_head1 >> $file_output   get_topproc   create_tr3 "/tmp/tmpload_`date +%y%m%d`.txt"   create_table_end >> $file_output      create_html_head "性能相关监控" >> $file_output   create_table_head1 >> $file_output   sed -i 's/ "/tmp/tmptop_`date +%y%m%d`.txt"  >>/tmp/tmptop_`date +%y%m%d`.txt   create_tr3 "/tmp/tmptop_`date +%y%m%d`.txt"   create_table_end >> $file_output      create_html_head "磁盘io情况" >> $file_output   create_table_head1 >> $file_output   create_tr3 "/tmp/tmptopio_`date +%y%m%d`.txt"   create_table_end >> $file_output   create_html_head "定时任务信息" >> $file_output   create_table_head1 >> $file_output   get_crontablist   create_tr3 "/tmp/tmp_crontab_`date +%y%m%d`.txt"   create_table_end >> $file_output   create_html_head "定时任务脚本内容" >> $file_output   create_table_head1 >> $file_output   get_crontab_content   create_tr3 "/tmp/tmp_crontab_shellcontent_`date +%y%m%d`.txt"   create_table_end >> $file_output   create_html_end >> $file_output   sed -i 's/BORDER=1/width="68%" border="1" bordercolor="#000000" cellspacing="0px" style="border-collapse:collapse"/g' $file_output   rm -rf /tmp/tmp*_`date +%y%m%d`.txt } # This script must be executed as root RUID=`id|awk -F\( '{print $1}'|awk -F\= '{print $2}'` if [ ${RUID} != "0" ];then     echo"This script must be executed as root"     exit 1 fi PLATFORM=`uname` if [ ${PLATFORM} = "HP-UX" ] ; then     echo "This script does not support HP-UX platform for the time being" exit 1 elif [ ${PLATFORM} = "SunOS" ] ; then     echo "This script does not support SunOS platform for the time being" exit 1 elif [ ${PLATFORM} = "AIX" ] ; then     echo "This script does not support AIX platform for the time being" exit 1 elif [ ${PLATFORM} = "Linux" ] ; then   create_html fi 

执行完成后html展示截图：

Linux脚本链接：

https://pan.baidu.com/s/13eNUtJrVBo6DRdLenoWGDw 

提取码: 

hm8u

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标签：linux系统linux服务器linux脚本awk命令cpu时间datecrontabsedgrepechotable